- A resident of Brooklyn, New York went to the emergency room with a fever and cough on Thursday. He'd just returned from Japan, where over 200 people have the new coronavirus.
- His case was not "of concern" based on CDC criteria, so he did not receive a coronavirus test. CDC guidelines allow him to resume his normal life, including taking the subway.
- The man still doesn't know whether he has the coronavirus, so he's quarantining himself in his apartment just in case.
- The case points to the CDC's limited capacity for testing, which could leave cases undetected.
- For the latest case total, death toll, and travel information, see Business Insider's live updates here.
- Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.
When a 35-year-old man went to a New York City hospital with a fever, cough, and aches, emergency-room staffers put him in isolation and suited up in gowns, gloves, and goggles. He'd recently returned from a business trip to Japan, where at least 230 people have tested positive for the new coronavirus.
Doctors at the NYU Langone Hospital in Brooklyn suspected he might have COVID-19. Tests for 20 other viruses came back negative, including five strains of flu. But the CDC denied the hospital's request to test for the coronavirus, the man told Business Insider, because his condition wasn't severe enough to hospitalize him.
Officials even told the hospital that the patient could resume life as normal, including taking the subway to his workplace in midtown Manhattan, he said.
"They kind of left me in this state which was kind of a choose-your-own-adventure," the man said. Business Insider confirmed his identity and reviewed paperwork from his hospital visit, but is keeping the man anonymous for security reasons.
"If this turns into a pandemic or whatever this is, it shouldn't come down to individual decisions," he added.
The man said his doctor did not agree with the CDC's verdict and recommended ways the patient could quarantine himself at home. He's taking the advice, though he still doesn't know for sure whether or not he has COVID-19.
The case highlights a major hurdle for containing the new coronavirus in the US: Testing capacities are still limited.
"Other countries are testing much more broadly than we are," William Schaffner, an infectious-disease specialist at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, previously told Business Insider. "We are trotting along while they're racing along."
Limited testing capacities mean cases like this can go undiagnosed
In the hospital, the man said, health workers scanned his chest to check for pneumonia and ordered testing for 20 basic viruses. He tested negative for all of them. The man's chest scan came back clear, and his symptoms weren't severe enough to keep him in the hospital.
His doctor told him she had requested a COVID-19 test from the state's health department, but was told he didn't need one.
"She said, basically, if we didn't hospitalize you… then you don't meet the criteria that's set by the CDC, which means we can't perform testing through the CDC," he said.
According to CDC guidelines, a person who has recently traveled to Japan is only considered a potential COVID-19 patient if they have symptoms severe enough for hospitalization. The same standards apply to people who have traveled to China, Iran, Italy, and South Korea.
A signed letter from the man's ER doctor, reviewed by Business Insider, said the Department of Health had advised the man that his case was not "of concern to have COVID-19." The doctor did, however, recommend "that he stay home until fever resolves."
The New York State Department of Health declined to comment for this story, and the CDC did not respond to a request for comment in time for publication.
The CDC had only tested about 470 people in the US for coronavirus as of Sunday, according to the agency's official count. Overnight, the CDC appears to have removed those testing numbers from its website. Alex Azar, secretary of Department of Health and Human Services, told ABC on Sunday that 3,600 Americans had been tested.
"We're still dealing with a test that is limited in its availability, so we still have to prioritize by risk," Bela Matyas, the health officer in Solano County, California, said in a Thursday press conference.
Matyas said that was one of the reasons why a California patient spent multiple days in two different hospitals without getting tested.
In New York city, 10 people have been tested for COVID-19 and another 22 have been tested elsewhere in the state. On Sunday, the New York State Department of Health confirmed its first case — a woman in her late 30s who had recently traveled to Iran.
"In New York state, the person who tested positive was only the 32nd test we've done in this state. That is a national scandal," Matthew McCarthy, a Manhattan physician and an assistant professor of medicine at Cornell, told CNBC on Monday.
South Korea, by contrast, has implemented free coronavirus-testing drive-thrus and tested more than 109,000 people.
What's more, many CDC tests distributed to state labs have been faulty, causing more than half the labs to receive inconclusive results.
"It is easy to do for some countries, but what happened in the US is the CDC created a test, sent it out to all 50 states and then said, 'Wait hold up don't use it,'" McCarthy said.
He added: "I still have to call the Department of Health. I still have to make my case, plead to test people."
Uber trips and a vague 'viral illness' diagnosis
While in Japan, the man said, he wore a mask most of the time but couldn't avoid crowded train stations. Halfway through the trip, he developed a mild cough. He returned to New York on Tuesday, landing at Newark Liberty International Airport.
Over the next couple of days, he started to feel achy and feverish, describing a feeling of "pure burning, like my whole body burning."
He called NYU Langone Hospital on Thursday.
"I felt like things were just compounding," he said. "It felt like symptoms were adding up and things were on an upward trajectory. So that made me nervous."
A hospital staffer told him to come into the emergency department, the man said, so he called an Uber. When he arrived, a nurse gave him a surgical mask and escorted him to a private room.
"The next time someone came into that room, they were in a quarantine outfit essentially," he said. "Full face covers, full apron, shoes wrapped up, and gloves, plastic glasses. Literally no part of their body exposed."
But after his examination, the man was cleared to leave the hospital with a vague diagnosis of "viral illness."
He called another Uber to take him home.
'The ultimate test of my own personal morality'
The patient said the ordeal has proven expensive. He only went to the ER because he feared he'd been exposed to the new coronavirus, he said — normally, he wouldn't spend money on an emergency room visit for a fever and a cough.
What's more, the man shares a one-bedroom apartment with his girlfriend, so he said she's staying in a hotel to avoid contact with him. She has dropped groceries off in his building's lobby, he added, and also left him the medications that doctors prescribed: prednisone, a steroid that suppresses inflammation, and benzonatate to treat his cough.
"It's like the ultimate test of my own personal morality," he said between audible bouts of coughing. "Are you willing to spend thousands of dollars going to the ER, paying for hotels, and isolating yourself so you don't get people you don't know sick?"
The man added that although he knows the recommended quarantine period is 14 days, he's not sure whether that time period should start when his cough began, when his fever began, or when he visited the hospital. He said he's been trying to work from home and is sleeping a lot, watching TV, playing video games, and checking his temperature several times a day.
He is starting to feel better: He said his fever, which reached 102 degrees Fahrenheit on Tuesday, is gone now, though his cough has not improved.
He's worried he might have passed the virus to his girlfriend.
'I can't imagine I'm the only one'
The man said he's been repeatedly calling the New York State Department of Health to ask if they've changed the criteria or decided to test him, but he has heard nothing from them.
He said he understands that the CDC is prioritizing tests for people who develop severe symptoms. But he worries that coronavirus patients could be slipping through the cracks.
"I can't imagine I'm the only one coming back from one of those countries with minor flu-like symptoms," the man said, adding that he thinks New York health officials should have tested far more than eight people by Saturday.
"It doesn't make any sense to me that we've only tested eight people. It doesn't make any sense. It's not possible unless there's other people like me who tried to get testing and have been denied testing, and just haven't spoken up about it."
Aria Bendix contributed reporting.
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